openSUSE is used for a broad range of usage scenarios in enterprise and scientific data centers. SUSE has ensured openSUSE is set up in a way that it accommodates different operation purposes with optimal performance. However, openSUSE must meet very different demands when employed on a number crunching server compared to a file server, for example.
Generally it is not possible to ship a distribution that will by default be optimized for all kinds of workloads. Due to the simple fact that different workloads vary substantially in various aspects—most importantly I/O access patterns, memory access patterns, and process scheduling. A behavior that perfectly suits a certain workload might t reduce performance of a completely different workload (for example, I/O intensive databases usually have completely different requirements compared to CPU-intensive tasks, such as video encoding). The great versatility of Linux makes it possible to configure your system in a way that it brings out the best in each usage scenario.
This manual introduces you to means to monitor and analyze your system. It describes methods to manage system resources and to tune your system. This guide does not offer recipes for special scenarios, because each server has got its own different demands. It rather enables you to thoroughly analyze your servers and make the most out of them.
Tuning a system requires a carefully planned proceeding. Learn which steps are necessary to successfully improve your system.
Linux offers a large variety of tools to monitor almost every aspect of the system. Learn how to use these utilities and how to read and analyze the system log files.
The Linux kernel itself offers means to examine every nut, bolt and screw of the system. This part introduces you to SystemTap, a scripting language for writing kernel modules that can be used to analyze and filter data. Collect debugging information and find bottlenecks by using kernel probes and use perfmon2 to access the CPU's performance monitoring unit. Last, monitor applications with the help of Oprofile.
Learn how to set up a tailor-made system fitting exactly the server's need. Get to know how to use power management while at the same time keeping the performance of a system at a level that matches the current requirements.
The Linux kernel can be optimized either by using sysctl or via the
/proc file system. This part covers tuning the I/O
performance and optimizing the way how Linux schedules processes. It
also describes basic principles of memory management and shows how
memory management could be fine-tuned to suit needs of specific
applications and usage patterns. Furthermore, it describes how to
optimize network performance.
This part enables you to analyze and handle application or system crashes. It introduces tracing tools such as strace or ltrace and describes how to handle system crashes using Kexec and Kdump.
Many chapters in this manual contain links to additional documentation resources. This includes additional documentation that is available on the system as well as documentation available on the Internet.
For an overview of the documentation available for your product and the latest documentation updates, refer to http://www.suse.com/documentation or to the following section:
Nous fournissons des versions HTML et PDF de nos livres dans différentes langues. Les manuels suivants pour utilisateurs et administrateurs sont disponibles sur ce produit :
Guides you step-by-step through the installation of openSUSE from DVD, or from an ISO image, gives short introductions to the GNOME and KDE desktops including some key applications running on it. Also gives an overview of LibreOffice and its modules for writing texts, working with spreadsheets, or creating graphics and presentations.
Gives you a general understanding of openSUSE and covers advanced system administration tasks. It is intended mainly for system administrators and home users with basic system administration knowledge. It provides detailed information about advanced deployment scenarios, administration of your system, the interaction of key system components and the set-up of various network and file services openSUSE offers.
Introduces basic concepts of system security, covering both local and network security aspects. Shows how to make use of the product inherent security software like AppArmor (which lets you specify per program which files the program may read, write, and execute) or the auditing system that reliably collects information about any security-relevant events.
An administrator's guide for problem detection, resolution and optimization. Find how to inspect and optimize your system by means of monitoring tools and how to efficiently manage resources. Also contains an overview of common problems and solutions and of additional help and documentation resources.
This manual offers an introduction to setting up and managing
virtualization with KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) on
openSUSE. Also shows how to manage VM Guests with libvirt and
QEMU.
Find HTML versions of most product manuals in your installed system under
/usr/share/doc/manual or in the help centers of your
desktop. Find the latest documentation updates at
http://www.suse.com/documentation where you can download
PDF or HTML versions of the manuals for your product.
Plusieurs voies pour vos remarques sont disponibles :
To report bugs for a product component, or to submit enhancement requests, please use https://bugzilla.novell.com/. For documentation bugs, submit a bug report for the component of the respective product.
Si Bugzilla est nouveau pour vous, vous trouverez, à coup sûr, les articles suivants intéressants :
We want to hear your comments about and suggestions for this manual and the other documentation included with this product. Use the User Comments feature at the bottom of each page in the online documentation or go to http://www.suse.com/documentation/feedback.html and enter your comments there.
For feedback on the documentation of this product, you can
also send a mail to doc-team@suse.de. Make
sure to include the document title, the product version and the publication
date of the documentation. To report errors or suggest enhancements,
provide a concise description of the problem and refer to the respective
section number and page (or URL).
Les conventions typographiques suivantes sont utilisées dans ce manuel :
/etc/passwd : noms des dossiers et des fichiers
placeholder : remplacer placeholder avec la valeur actuelle
PATH : la variable d'environnement PATH
ls, --help : commandes, options et paramètres
user : utilisateurs ou groupes
Alt, Alt+F1: a key to press or a key combination; keys are shown in uppercase as on a keyboard
, +: menu items, buttons
Dancing Penguins (Chapitre Penguins, ↑Un autre manuel) : Ceci est une référence à un chapitre dans un autre manuel.
This book is written in Novdoc, a subset of DocBook (see
http://www.docbook.org). The XML source files were
validated by xmllint, processed by
xsltproc, and converted into XSL-FO using a customized
version of Norman Walsh's stylesheets. The final PDF is formatted through
XEP from RenderX. The open source tools and the
environment used to build this manual are available in the package
daps that is shipped with
openSUSE. The project's home page can be found at
http://daps.sf.net/.
The source code of openSUSE is publicly available. Refer to http://en.opensuse.org/Source_code for download links and more information.
Avec beaucoup d'engagement, les développeurs de Linux coopèrent à échelle mondiale pour promouvoir le développement de Linux. Nous les remercions pour leurs efforts—cette distribution n'existerait pas sans eux. Nous remercions aussi Frank Zappa and Pawar. Remerciements spéciaux, bien sûr, à Linus Torvalds.
Have a lot of fun!
Votre équipe SUSE